Personal Statement On Stress And Work Issues During Annual...

Stress, if not properly dealt with, can take a heavy toll on our health. Learning to deal with stressors can appear easier for some, than others. Life can seem like an uphill struggle for many, and depending how we cope with those struggles can mean the different to either a brighter future or a bleak existence. According to (Aronson, Wilson, Akert, 2013), people that are resilient can usually quickly respond to a traumatic or stressful event by acknowledging the event, then adapt to it and return to normal functions. I consider myself to be somewhat resilient, and fairly more resilient than my peers. I have been lauded on my resilience to work issues during annual performance appraisals and feedbacks with my supervisor. My stressors tend to occur early morning upon arriving at work, then again during mid to late afternoons. There are days, especially early in the week, when upon arriving to work, an issue will need my immediate attention. Other work-related issues pop up be fore the end of the duty day, and my team expects me to handle the situation. As a branch chief, solving problems is part of my job, however, I make it a point to include my team in most of the decision-making. I need to know that they concur with final decisions, and that if we put their name to a project, they are in agreement with any decisions. Early morning stressors would sometimes give me neck aches and slight anxiety. Rather than depend on medicine to help get through the stress,Show MoreRelatedPerformance Appraisals10210 Words   |  41 PagesThe Performance Of Performance Appraisal Sanjeev Kumar Saxena - Jodhpur Today, most of organisations attempt to develop the outlook and performance of its employees by using multiple and complex training and educational programmes. 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Review Of Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre - 933 Words

Title: Jane Eyre Author: Charlotte Bronte Main Characters (Protagonist/Antagonist), Title, Traits: Jane Eyre (Protagonist): main character, lost, alone, devastated Rochester (Protagonist): master of Thornfield, loves Jane, secretive, caring St. John (Protagonist): missionary loves Jane, cold, reserved, controlling Mrs. Reed (Antagonist): Jane’s aunt, cruel, resent Mr. Brocklehurst (Antagonist): principal, cruel, hypocritical Setting: England in the 19th century. Gateshead, Lowood Institute, Millcote, the Moors, Moor House, Ferdean. Summary: Jane is an orphaned girl that ends up being raised and horribly mistreated by her aunt Mrs. Reed. One day for fighting with her cousin, Mrs. Reed puts her in the red room-the room where her uncle had died. She thinks she sees his ghost, and faints. When she wakes up to hearing Mr. Lloyd suggest she be sent away to school, while her aunt agrees. She goes to Lowood School where the principal is horrible and teaches poverty to his students. Although she makes a friend named Helen burns, she dies from a disease that sweeps through the school. This disease prompts her principal to leave and the school is taken over by a better group of gentlemen where they make Jane’s life significantly better. She graduates from the school and eventually becomes a teachr there. After two years, she becomes bored with it and becomes a governess at Thornfield and teaches a girl named Adele. She eventually comes to love Rochester, herShow MoreRelatedReview Of Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre 10 879 Words   |  44 PagesNotes Jane Eyre Background of author Name: Charlotte Bronte Birth/Death: April 21, 1816 to March 31,1855 Facts that connect: Mr. Brocklehurst is based off the Reverend Carus Wilson, the man who ran Cowan Bridge. Bronte lost two of her sisters, Mary and Elizabeth, to tuberculosis at Cowan Bridge. Bronte s brother, Patrick, became addicted to drugs and alcohol before he died. 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The Gothic takes its roots from previous horrifying writing that extends back to the Middle Ages and can still be found in writings today by many authors including Charlotte Bronte. The strong description of horror, abuse, and gruesomeness in Go thic novels reveals truths to readers throughRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1203 Words   |  5 PagesThe nineteenth-century Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte is considered to be a gothic novel. Gothic literature took place mostly in England from 1790 to 1830, falling into the category of Romantic literature. The Gothic takes its roots from previous horrifying writing that extends back to the Middle Ages and can still be found in writings today by many authors including Charlotte Bronte. The strong description of horror, abuse, and gruesomeness in Gothic novels reveals truths to readers through realisticRead MoreThe Lives of Emily and Charlotte Brontà «2000 Words   |  8 PagesEmily and Charlotte Brontà « retained exceptional novels throughout history. Their stories captivate the minds of readers alike, taking them to a world of dark, eerie hatred, and overcoming the obstacle faced with love and devotion. However, both sisters have diverse styles of writing. Charlotte Brontà ƒ « tends to use more humor through her works, while Emily Brontà « uses more satire along with a sardonic tone. T hey both come together to have somewhat similar themes, making the moral of the story mentallyRead MoreFeminism In Jane Eyre1729 Words   |  7 Pagesfeminism has remained one of the central themes in many amazing works of literature. This concept represents feminine independence and self-esteem in a male-dominated society. 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Indeed he was not alone in his reaction to her; Anne   Mozley in The Christian Remembrancer ;in April 1853 wrote in reaction to   Brontes other great work of rebellion, Jane Eyre, that she hadRead MoreEssay about Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre an3613 Words   |  15 PagesHow and why are selected canonical texts re-written by female authors? Answer with close reference to Charlotte Bronte#8217;s Jane Eyre and Jean Rhys#8217;s Wide Sargasso Sea. The Sargasso Sea is a relatively still sea, lying within the south-west zone of the North Atlantic Ocean, at the centre of a swirl of warm ocean currents. Metaphorically, for Jean Rhys, it represented an area of calm, within the wide division between England and the West Indies. Within such an area, a sense of stabilityRead MorePsychoanalysis : Abraham Maslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1890 Words   |  8 PagesAlex Reuter Mrs. Hollandsworth A.P Literature and Composition 15 September 2014 Psychoanalysis in Jane Abraham Harold Maslow is his name and psychology is his game. Abraham Maslow, an evolutionary psychologist was not well treated as a young child. His mom would put a lock on the refrigerator and only take it off when she felt like it, and his dad would publicly announce that Maslow was ugly. Despite these challenges, Maslow made the decision to make a difference in peoples lives. For this reasonRead MoreWuthering Heights By Emily Bronte1521 Words   |  7 Pages  Wuthering Heights is Emily Brontà « s only novel. Written between October 1845 and June 1846, Wuthering Heights was published in 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell; Brontà « died the following year, aged 30. Wuthering Heights and Anne Brontà « s Agnes Grey were accepted by publisher Thomas Newby before the success of their sister Charlotte s novel, Jane Eyre. After Emily s death, Charlotte edited the manuscript of Wuthering Heights, and arranged for the edited version to be published as a posthumous

English Elizabethan Novels Free Essays

The Elizabethan period is primarily known for its drama and poetry rather than its prose fiction, particularly since the advent of the English novel proper does not occur for another century. However, critics have increasingly stressed the importance of prose fiction in the seventeenth century and its role in the development of the novel. Several factors have played an important role in the emergence of the Elizabethan romance. We will write a custom essay sample on English Elizabethan Novels or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of the most significant factors in the development of the romance—the most popular form of prose fiction in this period—was the translation of ancient Greek romances into the vernacular. The popularity of these stories influenced members of the university-educated class to create their own stories, albeit with the same Greek plots, pastoral settings, and emphasis on literary wit. The first important milestone of the age was John Lyly’s Euphues: The Anatomy of Wit (1578). In this work Lyly developed euphuism, a style of writing which emphasizes rhythm over content and makes extensive use of alliteration, assonance, metaphor, and classical allusion. Many lesser authors imitated this style, which became a defining element of the period. In contrast to Lyly, Sir Philip Sidney in The Countess of Pembroke’s Arcadia (1590), generally thought of as one of the most significant and well-written romances of the time, attempted to create more natural dialogue. Despite this difference, for his plot, style, and setting Sidney is also indebted to Greek literature. Robert Greene, one of the most prolific writers of the period, took his plots directly from Greek romance as well. Sometimes basing his stories in part on his own experiences, Greene wrote more than twenty popular romances including Card of Fancy (1584). Thomas Nashe was influenced by a different source, the picaresque novels of Spain. In these stories the hero, or picaro, is a man of no social standing who is free to travel and engage in adventures. Nashe’s most famous works are The Unfortunate Travelor or the Life of Jack Wilton (1594) and The Terrors of the Night (1594). Elizabethan society itself underwent numerous and significant developments during this period, including changes in the social structure of London, a rapid rise in literacy rates, a growing middle class, and the emergence of literate bourgeois tradesmen. These changes are reflected in the content and quantity of prose fiction that was produced during the seventeenth century. Aiming at the growing middle-class audience, many writers imitated best-selling authors and turned out formula romances. The works of the former tradesman Thomas Deloney, including The Pleasant History of John Winchomb in his Younger Years Called Jack of Newbury (1597), for example, were more realistic in plot and setting than other works of the period and probably, according to scholars, created a sense of familiarity among his readers. This focus on the emerging bourgeois class, both as an audience for and a subject of fiction, played a significant role in the emergence of the English novel in the eighteenth How to cite English Elizabethan Novels, Papers

Obstacles in Developing Effective Public Policy

Question: Discuss about the Obstacles in Developing Effective Public Policy. Answer: Introduction: This text gives a descriptive summary and explanation of the obstacles in developing effective public policy. Leaders promise citizens that they will eliminate poverty in the community by building new projects that will create opportunities for them but later fail in the completion of goals. The Organizations assigned to implement these public policies dont have the finance to do their job in an effective way. Lack of resources by the government is caused by failure to plan and allocate the required amount of funds for the implementation of the formulated policies. For timely completion of activities, the government is entitled with authority to allocate finance through the ministry of finance. Political heads of various regions and ministries develop new policies hence there is no intervention from the third party any legal representatives to cater for the rights of majority citizens. Bureaucrats are denied the chance to contribute to the debate of development of new rules and regul ations and their decisions are overlooked. Public policy is guidance to the actions adopted by a government with relation to matters of legal regulations. It comprises various rules and legal acts of the constitution which are developed by leaders in politics. This is a stipulated guideline of how the citizens, leaders and officials in public offices are supposed to conduct themselves to obey the law. Ozor defined public policy, the term have been viewed differently and some have defined it as an action (Onah, 2005, p.233). Corruption among the leaders inhibits the implementation of the public policy by the bureaucracy. The leadership portrays ineffectiveness and thus affecting the politics of a nation. Implementation activities are altered because of the values attached and the demands that are unlikely to be satisfied. This problem of unworthy leadership causes misappropriation of funds allocated for implementation of policies. The formality in policy development makes the process of the formulation to be cumbersome because of distinct features which among them include; authority and the hierarchy, division of labor, neutral status and rational behavior. Obodoechi concluded that implementation of policies is not an automatic affair (Nweke, 2009, p.322 ). Choosing of leaders who lack skills lowers the quality of any policy formulated. The objective must be clearly defined and outlined before application stage this is accompanied with programs put in place to monitor proper functioning. There is the presence of over-ambitious nature of the public policies by leaders who are boastful and only seek the attention of the public for self-interest. There is the insufficient aim of development in the rules made by these leaders and thus its a show off by the political leaders. Some leaders make false promises of how they will offer free education with the intention to gather more recognition. The unfulfilled promise creates desperation among the people since the leaders are incapable of meeting their demands. They claim that they will alleviate poverty in the community by building new projects that will create employment to the citizens. Agencies mandated to implement these public policies lack the financial resources to conduct their role in an effective way. Inadequate resources by the government are caused by failure to budget the required amount of funds for the implementation of the formulated policies. For timely completion of activities the government is entitled with authority to allocate finance through the ministry of finance. The role of government is to a large extent the role of public bueracracies (Abah, 2010, p.155). There is a lack of experts such as professionals with technical experience to handle issues relating to law making and formulation. The managerial team conducts its business in a competence manner to enhance successful implementing. The personnel required to perform respective tasks in various departments is inadequate. There exists a challenge of placing the personal interest first which conflicts with developing of public policy where the leaders tend to deviate from the co-business most of the times. The way in which they neglect approach of implementation on the basis of whether or not it affects their cultural , ethnic or religious background. Some organizations or agencies have interests that delay the process in order to distort the information and cause deliberate delay. Undue influence from political authorities results in changing the purpose to suit the interest of the few individuals in the government with big titles. Political heads of various regions and ministries come up with the new policies hence there is no intervention from the third party any legal representatives to cater for the rights of majority citizens. Bureaucrats are denied the chance to contribute to the debate of development of new rules and regulations and their decisions are ignored. The issues of administrative are vital in this perspective to be left for handling by the bureaucrats. Time is wasted in the consultation which would have otherwise been of great use if well utilized. This wastage causes sluggishness in the overall work of making a new policy or even developing one that is already in existence. Peterson defined public policy as a government action or proposed action directed at achieving certain desired goals (Ikelegbe, 2006, p.123). The abrogation nature of a policy since each and every regime that takes power has its unique style of leadership. The political parties are concerned with making their own impression s on projects instead of focusing on good governance to meet welfare of the people who elected them into political power. The linking of socio and economic policies with administration alters quick decision making and analysis of the important points of great importance to the issue at hand. Conclusion The government should try to come with projects to improve the current working conditions and consider a better pay to leaders in public offices to avoid corruption. Better remuneration motivates employees and workers and thus necessary for the development of public policy.Democracy will hasten the purposeful leaderships that aim at developing appropriate policies. Politics should be excluded in bureaucratic activities to reduce infiltration by the leaders with bad motive hence people assigned the task of policy formulation should be allowed to practice independent of thought and should not be coerced to pass a rule unlawfully. The enactment of a law to protect the policies from change whenever government is led by a different party. Each and every leader should respect the leadership by not changing the policies before the tenure period is over. Works cited Abah, N.C. (2010) Development Administration: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach Enugu: John Jacob Classic Publishers Ltd. Abdulsalemi, A. (1990). Public Policy: Concepts, Approaches and Processes. In Obasi, I.N., Yakub, N.O. (1998. Local Government Policy Making and Execution in Nigeria Ibadan: University Press Plc. Adamolekun, L. (1983). Public Administration: A Nigerian and Comparative Perspectives NewYork: Longman Inc. Adebayo, A. (2000) (2nd Edition) Principles and Practice of Public Administration in Nigeria. Ibadan: Spectrum Book Ltd. Amucheazi, E.C. (1980). Readings in Social Sciences: Issues in National Development Enugu: Fourth Dimension Publishers. Ezeani, E. O. (2006). Fundamentals of Public Administration. Enugu: Snaap Press Ltd. Heady, F. (1992). Encyclopedia of Government and Politics London: Routledge. Hornby, A.S (2010) Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English. London: University Press.

Animal Farm Chapter Xi Essays - British Films, Cold War Films

Animal Farm Chapter Xi CHAPTER XI A YEAR PASSED. The seasons came & went, the short animal lives fled by. A time when no one remembered the old days before the rebellion, except Clover, Benjamin, Moses the raven and a number of pigs. One day in early summer, the animals woke to the sound of a loud explosion from the Truman Farm. Which, in the past Napoleon, had forbid the animals to have any contact with. The animals ran out to see what had happened, there was a big black cloud looming above the farmhouse, it was on fire, the animals were all wondering what had happened. Napoleon appeared, raising his trotter for silence, he said we have been woken an hour early, with all this commotion we will have no chance of more rest, so we will start working now. I will get dressed then I will go to the Truman Farm to determine what has happened. The animals were scared, Napoleon and Squealer had always cautioned them about the Truman Farm, and they did not know why they were not to go there, they just knew they shouldn't, but the reason couldn't be too serious because the farm had only been built about a year ago. Clover said What is happening Benjamin, what is that smoke? And what is Napoleon going to do? No one has ever ventured to the Truman Farm before. Benjamin replied, that is a Great Fire Clover, t he animals will not be safe there. Fortunately, we have not had the anguish of a Great Fire in our life times'. Squealer once told us Great Fires travel to farms where the animals do not do enough work, they kill everything that gets in their way, and they wreck the crops and barns as well. There was a Great Fire right here at the Manor Farm about two years before I was born. And as for Napoleon, he is the leader he does what he wants, when he wants. Squealer ordered the animals to work straight away. Napoleon returned wearing a suit, a top hat and carrying a cane. He was so fat he could scarcely walk. He walked out of the Manor Farm gate, slowly making his way to the Truman Farm. It was only two hundred metres down the road, but it took Napoleon ten minutes to get there, after all pigs aren't quite familiarized to bipedal walking. On arrival, Napoleon inspected the blazing buildings from the gate; he decided it was too risky to enter through the front gate, so he trekked to the side gate. As he was entering something caught his eye. It was the farmer rounding up the animals, shooting his gun at the ground next to them. He finally got most of the animals into a small fenced in area, then he ran to the hose and tried to control the fire. He was not doing much good though. Napoleon approached the farmer, you should wet the ground and crops around the barn, and the fire will then burn out. The farmer looked around he was stunned, you're?you're a pig, yes, Napoleon replied. But your wearing clothes, and your walking, and, and, and talking, Napoleon reminded the farmer about the fire; quick wet the ground before the fire spreads. The farmer did as Napoleon said. When the fire finally burnt out the farmer proceeded towards Napoleon. Where are you from?, Napoleon explained that he was from down the road, at the Manor Farm and also about what had happened with Mr. Jones. I am now the owner of the farm, the other animals abide by my rules and work the crops. I teach the younger pigs and do all the farms paper work. The farmer was astonished, he had never seen a pig walk, let alone speak with such intelligence. Napoleon asked if he could see the animals, the farmer took him towards the fenced in area, where the scared animals were waiting. Napoleon talked to the animals, and to the farmer's disbelief his animals talked back. Napoleon noticed one pig in particular who was extremely intellectual. The farmer invited Napoleon inside for coffee; they talked for hours about the revolution. He asked many

Fisionomia di un eroe

Fisionomia di un eroe Fisionomia di un eroe : l'individuo superiore nella letteratura europea di fine Ottocento(Huysmans, Wilde, d'Annunzio)"No, non cerco la felicit , ma il piacere, che tanto pi tragico."Oscar WildePremessaIn questo lavoro ho cercato di capire, attraverso l'analisi di tre romanzi che delineano la figura dell'individuo superiore, quali fossero le caratteristiche principali di tale personaggio sia nella letteratura che nella societ decadente.La ricerca non si basata solo sui romanzi, che comunque forniscono notizie sulla vita del tempo, ma anche su altri documenti che mi hanno permesso conoscere un'epoca e di individuare le idee dei sui principali rappresentanti.L'eroe infatti non rappresentato solo nella finzione narrativa, ma al contrario impersonificato dall'autore stesso, che, soprattutto nel periodo letterario, tende ad uniformare vita e arte, rendendone impercepibile e spesso inesistente la differenza.INTRODUZIONE AL DECADENTISMONel linguaggio comune decadente mantiene di solito una connotazione negativa, ma oggigiorno in letteratura diventato un attributo riferito ad un determinato periodo storico denominato appunto Decadentismo.English: French writer J.K. HuysmansQuesto momento letterario nasce al seguito del Romanticismo e da alcuni considerato una fase del Romanticismo stesso, tanto che si pu ² parlare di Decadentismo romantico e di Romanticismo decadente a seconda del prevalere di una delle due linee. In effetti Decadentismo e Romanticismo hanno numerosi caratteri comuni ed difficile tracciare una precisa linea che divida i due movimenti.Se infatti consideriamo il Romanticismo inglese ed il primo Decadentismo francese troviamo numerosi elementi di continuit come le raffinatezze descrittive e l'insistenza sulle cadenze musicali di Samuel Taylor Coleridge, che influirono su Edgar Allan Poe e quindi successivamente sui decadenti ; i libri profetici di William Blake, che anticiparono le teorie di Arthur Rimbaud sulla veggenza e sulla simbologia ; lo stesso gusto per la bellezza in John Keats, che ritorn ² come tematica nel...

How does culture affect politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How does culture affect politics - Essay Example The shared beliefs and norms usually define people’s expectations and how they should deal with issues once they arise. It affects the way people think and the processes of communication. Culture shapes a person and how he or she views the world. People’s identities are defined by their belief system, and people are satisfied that they belong to a certain community. On the other hand, politics is defined as shared symbol system. It links members of a group to a certain leadership system. Thus, the essay critically discusses how culture affects politics. Ideally, every country has a political culture which is defined by the shared values, norms and belief systems. The shared beliefs define the relationship between government and the citizens. People are brought together in a nation by heritage and language which defines how people should relate with one another. In a nation, people are held together by ideologies, patriotism and religion. Countries have different type of ideologies such as communism and capitalism. A nation will choose the type of ideology to adapt depending on the beliefs, norms, and values a country uphold (Skocpol 23). Consequently, culture has a powerful influence on people’s behaviors and thoughts. In the world today, interaction between different nations has resulted to change in people’s culture. People from different parts of the world share their views on different issues hence affecting their belief system. As a result, the political systems have been altered as a result of the change in different cultures. Through the shared ideas and principles, the political systems in most parts of the world have changed (Robert 166). Subsequently, a political system refers to the learned beliefs about a political system and how they operate wsith certain political boundaries. Political culture affects the way people see their political world and the value they give to it.

The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down by Anne Fadiman Essay - 2

The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down by Anne Fadiman - Essay Example or about the value, limitations, and ethical implications of ethnography as a way of making sense of social conduct, for instance – in your personal and professional roles? The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down by Anne Fadiman is one of the modern classics in the medical anthropology genre. Tracing the immigration and the challenges of assimilation of a Hmong family into the USA, the book is admirable on many counts. Firstly, for medical professionals, it offers valuable insights into the symptoms, treatment options and overall management of epilepsy in children. Second, it presents the unique challenges faced by health care professionals in a multi-cultural environment. Third, the book documents the broader details of Hmong ethnography, adopting classical anthropological approaches. The rest of the essay will elaborate these features, as well as noting the personal and professional impact the book has had upon the writer. The central dialectic in the book is how the shaman istic animism followed by the Hmong conflicts with the rationality of Occidental medicine. While the cultural heritage of the Hmong is rich and colourful, it betrays its superstitious underpinnings when juxtaposed with modern scientific knowledge and advancement. In other words, in light of our overall increase in the knowledge of the world, much of the Hmong beliefs appear mythical. In the classic case of conflict illustrated in The Spirit Catches You, we see how Hmong culture is markedly at odds with modern science.

Lagal and Illegal Access to Personal Information Online Essay

Lagal and Illegal Access to Personal Information Online - Essay Example Where the computer era has devised numerous ways to work more quickly, efficiently, professionally and resourcefully, it has brought with it what we call cyber-crime -- misusing other people’s information without their permission and knowledge. The topic to be discussed here is about the risks and hazards of information being misused over the internet. The worst part about cyber-crime is that it is much easier to escape from it without revealing identity or improvising a false identity. The reason for it is, of course, the resourcefulness of the internet and the fact that it is away from any kind of physical presence. Moreover, it is very easy to replicate data on the internet to get involved in different kinds of crimes. With the increasing technological trends and movement towards cyber space so rapidly, it is inevitable that soon the cyber world will be dealt with a separate set of rules and regulation, laws and globalization. It is not long before divisions within the cybe r space will be dealt like a separate state just like physically existing country (Wall, 2007, p.10). What is needed here is that we deal with the dark side of moving towards technology in a way that we are safe from its harmful effects in the long run, that most people fail to realize at the moment. Thesis Statement An analysis of the reasons of internet crime along with its consequence leads to a technological challenge -- whether the harmful consequences outweigh the benefits of internet and what should be done to reduce crime involving unethical practices of hacking, identity theft, crime in e-commerce and social networking. Categories of Cyber Crime Cyber Crime is divided into many categories. These include spam, availability of obscene content, threats, misinformation, cyber terrorism and fraud. With such a huge variety of crime going on the internet, it becomes very easy to exploit the users (Brenner, 2010, p.8). The users also come into several categories, from amateurs to p rofessionals and naive people who do not realize the harmful implications that the usage of internet might cause. The greatest misuse of internet is taking place in the following domains: †¢ E-commerce   †¢ Social networking   †¢ Identity theft   †¢ Hacking   From amongst the above given domains, E-Commerce and Social Networking will be discussed in greater depth. E-Commerce is defines as exchange of goods and services over the internet involving Business transactions, buying and selling as well as the World Wide Web (Bushry, 2005, p.3). Social Networking refers to online networks that allow people to communicate over the internet and build social relations and broad networks ( Stenzel & Nesdahl, 2012 p.19). Identity Theft is the stealing of someone else’s identity and pretending to be someone else, impersonating to be another person or using their identity such as their name or credentials (Boyer, 2008, p.7). Hacking means to identify weaknesses i n other networks and take over their networks and later on, misuse them (Brenner, 2010, p.11). E-Commerce Electronic Commerce as defined above is a rapidly growing concept that allows exchange of good

ICICI Bank: Porters Five Forces Analysis

ICICI Bank: Porters Five Forces Analysis Contents (Jump to) Introduction Impact of Globalization on Banking Industry Poter’s Five Forces Model Rationale of the Porter’s Five Forces Model in the Banking Industry Threat of New Entrants: Bargaining Power of Suppliers: Bargaining Power of Buyers: Threat of Substitute Products: Intensity of Competitive Rivalry: Introduction to ICICI Bank Impact of Globalization on ICICI Bank Conclusion References Introduction Globalization is the integration of worldwide markets. It changes everything enabling corporations, countries and individual to approach around the world deeper and cheaper never ever before (Freidman, 2005). According to Cato (cited Ervin Smith, 2008), â€Å"Globalization† defines the current inclinations towards the unbound flow of international investment trade beyond borders and the emerging merger of the economy around the world. Globalization hikes development standard of living of the countries that expose themselves to global market as it increased economic freedom and drive competition (Ervin Smith, 2008). ‘Globalization is the merger of historically distinct and separate national market into huge global market. Falling down of barriers to sell internationally’ (Hill, 2012) There have also been changes in the composition of trade and financial flow and trade flow are increasingly made up of intermediate factors of production. Hummels, Ishii, and  Yi (2001) detail the growth in vertical specialization, and Jones, Kierzkowski, and Lurong (2005) detail the rise in fragmentation and outsourcing. At the same time, capital market transactions are an increasing part of international Financial Flows. Lane and Milesi-Ferritti (2007) document the increasing importance of cross-border capital flows since the mid-1980à ­s. Globalization, in brief, is a process of increasing economic integration and growing economic interdependence between countries in the world economy. It is a relative softening up of economic and trade barriers across the countries so as to facilitate a free inter ­flow of capital technology, people, goods and services. Demand and competition in the market has been increased and changed. From production to services each and every sector is looking for international exposure. So many national companies become International in the last decade. Most of U.S. Companies have their Head offices in USA, but all the production work done by Asian countries like China, India and Philippians (Hill, 2012). Impact of Globalization on Banking Industry The banking sector is one of the most important economic sector and most influential and responsive to change whether international or domestic (Kenaway, 2009) The world banking system has gone through many transformations in last decade. There are drastic changes in service as well as technology. There is huge increment and integration of international financial sector. Transformations create the opportunity and challenges for international banking. It also provides the opportunity to expand internationally. Banks come with different changes like high quality customer services and less face to face interaction for example customer can contact with bank through call centre many miles away or when they can buy goods and send the money through online transaction system within minimum time period. Deregulate the banking acts and combines with globalization and integration of financial markets. Create new competitive environment to increase the efficiency of baking services. Increment in competition due to globalization and deregulate should affect on small and large scale banks. After adopting globalization government stopped protecting their local banks, world become a level playing field with survival of the fittest. Due to high competition banks provide best possible services in the most efficient way. Now banks start providing all financial solution to customer. They are providing loan and so many third party cross sell products. Competition made traditional banks come out of comfort level and turn to more effective way to service customers. So many small scale domestic banks merge with big players of industry ‘Many of research studies show that large scale impact on banking industry in all over the world. Due to global competition many of small bank merge with large banks. For example Bank of Rajasthan merge with ICICI BANK in 2010.’ (Business standard.com, 2010) Poter’s Five Forces Model According to Henry A. (2011) Porter’s five forces framework can help organizations to ascertain the attractiveness or profit potential oftheri industry by analysing the relative impact of each of the five forces on their industry structure. (Henry, 2011) The availability of the various players makes the industry so competitive and dynamic. This calls for a need for each individual player to operate competitively in order to sustain its business. The players in the industry need to make a strategic analysis of the industry in order to know the appropriate strategies to be applied in order to sustain the business continuity. One of the useful models in assessing the attractiveness of any industry is Porter’s Five Forces Framework (Porter, 1980) Rationale of the Porter’s Five Forces Model in the Banking Industry The model attempts to address key strategic issues in a wider scope. Many of the issues mentioned in the model, including the forces and the management of those forces, are relevant to the banking sector as well as any other service-oriented business. The results, which will be obtained by the application of this model, should be given the value of the time of the analysis and that a continuous review is necessary in order to avoid to be myopic or obsolete with the results. Michael Porter provided a framework that models an industry as being influenced by five forces (Porter, 1980). Figure 1 provides details of the framework. Fig: Porter’s five forces model (Exploring Management, John R. Schermerhorn, Jr) Threat of New Entrants: According to Hill and Jones (2009) potential competitors are the companies that are not currently competing in the industry but have capability to do so if they choose. The threat of entry of new firms into an industry depends on extent of barrier to entry like economies of scale, capital requirement, government policies, switching cost for buyers, etc. (Kew Stredwick, 2005) To open a new bank, huge capital investment is required. Moreover, there are lots of regulatory issues like government regulations for licensing, etc. Despite of these obstacles, a large number of banks are entering the market so the threat of new entrants should be high. But, due to bank failures and mergers according to FDIC, the number of banks opened from 1977 through 2002 is roughly 215 per year. Trust is one of the biggest hurdles for entry of a new bank. It is difficult for new banks to start up due to involvement of money financial information of other people. People tend to trust big brand names that are well known big banks, which, according to them are trustworthy. Today, banks are providing facilities for serving all financial needs of the customer at one place. Customers tend to allow a major well known bank to look after all of their accounts and financial needs. This centralization further makes it difficult for new banks to enter. As a result, the threat of new entrants is relatively low in banking industry. Bargaining Power of Suppliers Suppliers are the individuals or companies that provide inputs in terms of resources and materials, services etc into the industry (Hill Jones, 2009). The power of suppliers is dependent on Number of suppliers, Brand Power,possibility of forward integration and dependence of customers, etc.(Kew Stredwick, 2005) In banking industry, capital is the major resource and primarily there are 4 suppliers of capital i.e. Deposits of the customer, loans mortgages, mortgaged securities and loans taken from other financial institutions. Through these major suppliers, the bank can meet its requirements like borrowing needs of the customers and at the same time keeping enough money to fulfill withdrawal requirements. The power of the suppliers is widely based on the market and impact of this power is between medium to high. Bargaining Power of Buyers An industry’s buyer may be the individual or end user that will ultimately consume/buy the product of the firm or the companies that distribute the products further. (Hill Jones 2009). Buyer’s power depends on concentration of buyers, alternative sources of purchase, possibility of backward integrations. (Kew Stredwick, 2005) As far as an individual is concerned, it is not a major threat. But, if the cost of switching is higher, then this can affect the power of the buyers. If a single bank looks after all the banking requirements of the customer like savings, mortgages and other financial needs, then it will be a big botheration for the customer to move to some other bank. In order to persuade customers to move to their bank, the entrepreneurs may use different tactics like lowering the switching costs, but most of the customer may still choose to stay with their current bank. The internet has played a vital role in increasing the power of the customer in this industry. Customer can very easily and conveniently compare various banks at almost no cost at all. The cost of opening and maintaining an account as well as the rates offered by different banks can be checked by the customer anytime, anywhere. Threat of Substitute Products The more substitutes a product has, the demand for the product becomes more elastic. Elastic demand means increased consumer price sensitivity which equates to less certainty of profits (Kew Stredwick, 2005). Availability of substitutes of products places limits on the prices market leaders can charge (Hill Jones, 2009) The banking industry is not as much affected by rival banks but the non-financial organizations pose bigger threat of substitution. Although these organizations do not provide deposits, withdrawals, etc, but services such as mutual funds, insurance and fixed earning securities are offered by these companies in much convenient way. Method of payment and loans pose a threat of substitutes, which is relatively higher. For example, dealer who sell costly items like automobiles, ornaments, electronics, etc usually prefer financing expensive items. Usually, these companies give lower rate of interest on bill payment as compared to loan taken from any bank.9 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry Rivalry refers to the degree to which firms respond to competitive moves of the other firms in the industry (Hill Jones, 2009). Rivalry among existing firms may manifest itself in a number of ways- price competition, new products, increased levels of customer service, warranties and guarantees, advertising, better networks of wholesale distributors, and so on Barnat, 2014.) There is very high competition is banking industry. This industry is into existence since hundreds of years and is servicing people since then. Due to this reason, banks need to try to inveigle customers from their rival banks. This is done through lower rates of interest on loans, higher rates on deposits, better convenient after sale services and other investment related services. The basic competition is this industry is to give best services within minimum time period. But due to this completion banks are suffering from lower Returns on Assets (ROA). Due to this nature of the banking industry, there is possibility of more consolidation of the industry. Bigger banks go for acquiring or merging with smaller banks instead of spending valuable money on advertising and marketing. Introduction to ICICI Bank Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India founded in 1955 as a joint venture of World Bank. Its parent company is ICICI group. ICICI bank promote in 1994 by ICICI limited and whole subsidiary of ICICI shareholding. It is an Indian multinational bank and financial services provide based in Mumbai. ICICI have global banking operation 19 countries. ICICI Bank Ltd is Indias second largest financial services company headquartered in Mumbai, India. It offers a wide range of banking products and financial services to corporate and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels and through its specialized subsidiaries in the areas of investment banking, life and non-life insurance, venture capital and asset management. The Bank has a network of 2,533 branches and 6,800 ATMs in India, and has a presence in 19 countries, including India. The bank has subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, Russia, and Canada; branches in United States, Singapore, Bahrain, Hong Kong, Sri Lanka, Qatar and Dubai International Finance Centre; and representative offices in United Arab Emirates, China, South Africa, Bangladesh, Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. The companys UK subsidiary has established branches in Belgium and Germany. ICICI Banks equity shares are listed in India on Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India Limited and its American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) are listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). Impact of Globalization on ICICI Bank To cope with globalization and increasing customer demand, ICICI was one of the new banks to start internet banking, private banking services and mobile banking services and mobile ATM services. Influenced by globalization, ICICI was the first ever bank from India to borrow Currency Units from European countries. With globalization and presence of multiple national and international firms, it was necessary to provide payment facilities through credit cards. Hence with Airtel and HPCL, ICICI bank launched multi-branded credit card to enhance customer base. ICICI has collaborated with Lloyds TSB of UK to make it easy for people of Indian origin living in the United Kingdom to access more branches and ATM in UK as well as India. In terms of profits, there has been a substantial improvement. It was a conscious strategy to pare the size: the bank decided to focus on profitability and efficiency. It has improved the composition of funding by reducing high cost funds. There was growth in international business. The international business which was 25% of the bank’s balance sheet now has come down to 23%. In the UK and Canada, the loan books are flat and in Russia it shrank. In terms of financial performance, ICICI has improved its Earnings Per Share, from 2009 through 2013 EPS has grown from 33.76 to 72.22; an increase of approximately 114%. Also, the net profit margin has risen from 5.63 to 12.94 in the period of past 5 years. ICICI has reduced its total expenses by 17% and increased its income by 15% approximately ICICI had adopted a strategy of aggressive sales and introduced new innovative expansion strategies and launched new different products which attracted the customers. ICICI had also taken over couple of companies which did give a major boost to its business and deposits recently it had also taken over Bank of Rajasthan. ICICI is successful in catering to the needs of its Indian Customers who are overseas (Non Resident Indians) by introducing many NRI services. ICICI was successful in opening many current and savings accounts and increase its deposits and has also introduced savings accounts for children as well. With this kind of exemplary performance and coupled with superb customer service in a very short span ICICI had emerged and successfully became one of the leading private sector banks of India. Conclusion The overall impact of globalization on ICICI bank is good. The net profit margin of the bank has increased by 2.5% annually in the past five years. The business strategy of the Bank has mainly been driven by the increased globalization of the Indian economy, the growing trend of Indian corporate expanding overseas, the large population of non-resident Indians and persons of Indian origin across the globe and overseas companies looking to invest in India. References Barnat R. (2014), Stratigic Formulation, available at http://www.strategy-formulation.24xls.com/ Ervin J, Smith Z.A, Globalization:A Reference Handbook, 2008 Friedman T.L. (2005), The World is Flat Henry A.(2011), Understanding Strategic Management, Oxford University Press p. 81-83 Hill C., Jones G. (2009) Strategic Management Theory: An Integrated Approach, Cengage Learning p. 43-45 Hill C.W. (2012), International business competing in global marketplace, McGraw-Hill Education http://www.icicibank.com/aboutus/about-us.html Hummels, D., J. Ishii, and K.-M. Yi (2001): The nature and growth of vertical specialization in world trade,Journal of International Economics, 54, 75-96. Hummels, Ishii, and Yi (2001) Detail the growth in vertical specialization, and Jones, Kierzkowski, and Lurong (2005) ICICI Annual Report FY13 Available at http://www.icicibank.com/aboutus/annual.html Jones, R., H. Kerzkowski, and C. Lurong (2005): .What does evidence tell us about fragmentation and outsourcing,.International Review of Economics and Finance, 14, 305.316. Kenawy, Ezzat Molouk, (2009), Globalization and Its Effects on the Banking System Performance in Egypt p. 55 Kew J., Stredwick J. (2005), Business Environment:Managing in a Strategic Context, CIPD Publishing, p.21-23 Lane, P. R., and G. M. Milesi-Ferretti (2004): .International Investment Patterns,.CEPR Discussion Paper 4499. Porter, M E. (1980) Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analysing Industries and Competitors, New York: The Free Press. Reporter B.S., Bank of Rajasthan to merge with ICICI Bank, available at: http://www.business-standard.com/article/finance/bank-of-rajasthan-to-merge-with-icici-bank-110051900028_1.html [Last Accessed: May 19, 2010] Schermerhorn J.R. (2009), Exploring Management, John Wiley Sons Subsidiaries of ICICI Bank Annual Report FY2013 Availabel at: http://www.icicibank.com/aboutus/annual.html Upender M., Shreedhar V.(2013) Growth Rates and Responsiveness of Credit to the Changes in Deposits in the Indian Banking, Journal of Knowledge Management, Economics and Information Technology

The Taming of the Shrew Essay -- Shakespeare Plays Papers

The Taming of the Shrew In taking on the task of directing The Taming of the Shrew, Gregory Doran followed in a long line of directors that were faced with the challenge of how to mount one of Shakespeare's problem plays. The main issue of the play is how to deal with the brutal treatment of Katharine by Petruchio. It is male domination of the female through violence and starvation that eventual breaks Kate's will and tames her. The interpretive gesture reserved to the director is to decide how completely Kate becomes obedient to Petruchio and if she actually falls in love with him. There is also the general attempt to soften the harshness of the text through performance, using irony to soften the painful action taking place on the stage. Past productions have found varying ways of dealing with these issues to make the play digestible to modern audiences. Great liberty is usually taken with the text in order to justify the misogynistic overtones of the play. One major way of dealing with the issues of the play is done through the inclusion or exclusion of the induction. The play opens with the drunkard Sly being tricked to believe he is royalty, and the entirety of The Taming of the Shrew is a performance for his benefit. Its inclusion thus serves as a framing device that can distance the audience from the difficult parts of the show, as the audience is made conscious of the fact that they are only watching a performance. To exclude the induction makes the action on stage more real, it is not possible to disregard the story as mere theatrics. An example of the application of the induction is the John Barton production in 1960, with Peter O'Toole as Petruchio. The cut scenes featuring commentary from Sly from The Tamin g of a ... ...o. It is clear that Doran didn't see the production about a battle of the sexes, but instead as a love story between two people who have difficulty relating to all others around them. Both Kate and Petruchio are reconceived as insecure people who are only very strong willed in order to hide their fears of their inadequacies. Doran found motivation for the actions of the play that were based on text to create a unique view of the characters. Holderness, Graham. Shakespeare in Performance: The Taming of the Shrew. Manchester University Press. Manchester. 1989. Holland, Peter. English Shakespeare: Shakespeare on the English stage in the 1990s. Cambridge University Press. United Kingdom. 1997. Spencer, Charles. Funny, touching - and shrewd. London Telegraph. April 2003. Thompson, Ann. The Taming of the Shrew. Cambridge University Press. United Kingdom. 2003.

Compare the strategies and goals of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X during the Civil Rights Movements Essay

In the history of the American civil rights movement, two seminal figures emerge: that of the peaceful and nonviolent Martin Luther King, Jr., and the revolutionary and radical Malcolm X. From these two contrasting images, America did not know how exactly to classify the movement. On one hand, Malcolm X preached independence and a â€Å"by any means necessary† approach to achieving equality in America. And on the other, King preached a nonviolent, disobedient philosophy similar to that of Gandhi in the achievement of Indian independence earlier in the century. While most students are familiar with King as a civil rights leader, most are equally uninformed about the impact of Malcolm X in the African-American struggle for equality and freedom. And while there is much to learn from the two contrasting philosophies and approaches to change of each man, there are common threads that unite them: namely, a combined religiosity with political leadership that morphed into a demand for social and economic equality. Despite their differences, King and Malcolm X represented the same cause, and with the achievement of the movement, left a similar legacy to generations of Americans seeking change in their own time. However, from a comparative perspective, one cannot imagine a civil rights movement without the tactics King favored, or a successful movement characterized by the kind of violence and hatred advocated by Malcolm X. When one is asked to think of a comparison between two alternatives and which of the alternatives is â€Å"better†, one ought to imagine which alternative would produce the better outcome. A better outcome in any struggle for political change is one not characterized by widespread violence. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s childhood and young adulthood were exemplified by his work within the system, achieving prosperity through education and thinking, not through the violent struggle for existence like in the case of Malcolm X. In King’s â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech, he invites the listener to imagine a future in which Black children have an equal opportunity at achieving prosperity through education and hard word: an example of an equal chance not available at that time. Achieving this required nonviolent means consistent with the principles King adopted through his time studying Gandhi and civil disobedience. King called on people to be disobedient for the c ause of racial equality, whereas Malcolm X called on people to be violently forceful'†in opposition to any kind of representation of white power'†for the cause of Black power. Unlike  King, Malcolm X’s message did not convey a message of equality, but of hateful lashing out against an institution with the power to crush violent opposition. Like Gandhi, King insightfully recognized the efficacy of disobeying the system as a means of changing it. Violently attacking the system would only invite violent attacks back, and would, in the end, make the problem worse for Blacks. While Black militancy is understandable given Malcolm X’s history and his perception of the problem afflicting Blacks at the time, the better means of achieving Black rights was through nonviolence: specifically, boycotts, demonstrations, and marches. Dr. King welcomed participation from all people, including whites and other minorities, unlike Malcolm X. In historical reflections on the civil rights movement, it took both Blacks and whites (working within the white power structure) to achieve the desired outcome. For instance, white New Yorkers Michael Schwerner and Andrew Goodman were killed by Klansmen in Mississippi decided to investigate the burning of a Black church. Viola Gregg Liuzzo, a white mother from Michigan, was killed by Alabaman Klansmen in 1965 when she tried to help Blacks in the South (Maxwell). Thousands of whites worked for Black freedom: an ideological shift supported and encouraged by the kinds of tactics Dr. King advocated. The same cannot be said of Ma lcolm X, who famously remarked that white people were â€Å"a race of devils† (Lomax 57). What white person would be encouraged to work for civil rights given such an antagonistic remark? Although Black militancy was important in the context of the entire civil rights movement, the retaliatory tenor of Malcolm X’s message was sure to cause opposition from the establishment. The message was also profoundly collectivistic and an antithesis of the American value of individualism (McTaggart). His call for Blacks to come together created a movement for Black socialism in a kind of voluntary segregation. In a way, this defeated the purpose of the civil rights movement, and, absent of the efforts of other, less oppositional leaders, would have probably worsened the problem facing Blacks in America. Forcing the Black community to remain segregated from whites as a whole could have continued the sentiment among racist Americans that Black people are not equal to white people. Dr. King, in  contrast, unswervingly advocated for a social conscience in America: drawing attention to the inequalities he witnessed in a number of areas of society. Rather than assuming these i nequalities existed and not drawing public attention to them, Dr. King made it his role in the movement to challenge social assumptions about the place of Black people in America. Despite Malcolm X’s enormous influence on the movement, his message was not one of equality, but of retaliation for inequality. Although both Malcolm X and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. were transformational leaders who were instrumental in raising public awareness of a problem of inequality, only King’s methods could have been successful in bringing about the desired outcome of the movement. Applied to the movement as a whole, Malcolm X’s philosophy of violent retaliation would have exacerbated the problem Blacks faced at the time, forcing the white establishment to increase oppression and segregation of the Black community. Because King’s techniques were successful in challenging the establishment, Blacks achieved a number of civil rights not previously available to them. The kind of transformation leader King represents is a rare symbol, and the inspiration he provided to Black people for change still inspires people to strive for equality and freedom. Works Cited Lomax, Louis E. When the Word is Given†¦: A Report on Elijah Muhammad, Malcolm X, and the Black Muslim World. New York: Greenwood Press, 1979. Maxwell, Bill. White friends of civil rights. 20 January 2008. 27 April 2010 . McTaggart, Ursula. The Oratory of Malcolm X. February 2006. April 2010 .

What to Do If Your Professor Hates You

What to Do If Your Professor Hates You Regardless of your intentions, you seem to have stumbled into a less-than-ideal situation: youre convinced your professor hates you. Whether its the way she reacts to your questions in class, the grades youre being given for your assignments and exams, or just an overall feeling, youre pretty certain there is some kind of issues going on. Now what? Take a Step Back ​Chances are, your professor doesnt actually  hate you.  Now, there may be some disagreement your professor may not like your attitude, may think you arent trying, may think youre being disruptive in class, or may simply think your opinions and beliefs are ill-informed but actually  hating  you is pretty serious. (Side note: If you do think there is something personal going on, like sexual harassment, definitely talk to your dean of students, academic dean, or any other ally on campus as soon as possible.) Its much more likely that theres some kind of miscommunication or personality clash going on. Try to reflect back on when things started to become tense between you and your professor. Was it gradual? Or was there a key moment when you felt things shift? Similarly, see if the way youre being treated is pretty normal (e.g., your professor is just a moody genius) or if youre feeling particularly singled out. Trying to look at the issue one step removed can be a smart way to gain perspective. Think About an Ideal Solution to the Problem Dont worry about consequence when first thinking through what your dream situation would be. Do you just want to drop the class? Have to interact with your professor less often? Change to another specific professor who, in contrast, seems to adore you? Or do you want to stick it out, stay in the class, and show the professor youre not who he thinks you are? Similarly, if your ideal solution is to get your professor fired, you might want to challenge yourself to see if the disdain goes both ways here. Think About a Realistic Solution to the Problem Alright, so regardless of the reason, youre pretty convinced your professor doesnt like you. So what can you do about it? Can you stick it out for another few weeks? Or are you concerned that, because your professor seemingly has it out for you, that you wont get the grade you earn (note: not necessarily deserve, but  earn)? Can you transfer to another section of the same class? Is it too late to transfer to a different course altogether? Do you need to just drop the class, or is getting an incomplete a better option? Can you think about some feedback your professor has given you and, consequently, can you try to approach the course in a different and more productive way? Make a Plan of Action with a Deadline If youre convinced that your professor hates you, that she has absolutely no reason for doing so, and that theres nothing you can do to change her opinion, its time for Plan B. Of your ideal and realistic solutions, which ones seem most feasible? What can you do to help yourself make the most of your situation? Look to your friends, your classmates, tutors, other professors, and anyone else who can help. If you cant change your professors opinion of you, you at least owe it to yourself to make sure you still get the most that you can out of your courses this semester.

Theanitx essays

Theanitx essays In his editorial American Propaganda,Theantix (the author's alias) argues that American propaganda "holds more water" than the Taliban's. He argues that American propaganda should take precedence over any information the Taliban releases. He also states that it should be taken in stride, that Americans should be skeptical of any information that recieve from the Government, US or otherwise. The author explains that propaganda should only be taken as truth if the information is congruent with the government's actions. He explains that a government should be judged by it's actions rather than it's apparent intentions. Propaganda is a system used by governments to influence a large group of people, usually for political gain. It is distributed through many different venues including advertising, debate, radio, television, and the news. Since governments have such large resources, propaganda can be distributes very effectively. Because of this, it is present in many aspects of daily life. Governments use propaganda influence the opinions of a specific group for a specific purpose. Every man has the right to free speech. Since birth Americans have learned it as a dogma. It is now fundamental to their survival, and as such is regared as absolute truth. The American clerisy has learned to use "free speech" as a mask for promoting propaganda. They have learned to use propaganda as a weapon, and as such gain influence over others. The author devotes much of his argument to how the two governments use propaganda. And how that although both The American goverment aswell as the Taliban government are releasing propaganda claiming less than ten civilian lives lost to thousands lost, respectively, each government is releasing information that is most helpful to it's cause. He explains that in the aphfganistan mind Americans were simply looking for someone to bully, and have found a victim in the Taliban. Furthermore, he also describes th ...

Discussion Questions on Change Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Discussion Questions on Change Management - Essay Example The planned change management approaches include the organization management approach, the change management approach, the contingency approach and the processual approach (Cummings & Worley, 2009). Organizational change management therefore depends on the type of type of approach or model that organization chooses to use. There has been intense debate concerning the use of organizational development and processual approaches. Processual approach to change management as advocated for in the journal views change as an ongoing process that should be done within a period. Processual approach gives top managers of organization the role of initiating and influencing change management processes in their respective settings. Organizational development as an approach to change management relies extensively on soft factors in order to achieve transformation. The problem with soft factors in change management is that they are unable directly influence various change management programs that ar e initiated in organizations. Although organization development approach advocates for the use of soft factors such as visionary leadership, culture, and motivation in organizational change management, they cannot successfully contribute to the implementation of transformation projects or changes in organizations. Unlike organizational development approaches, processual approaches rely on hard factors of change management. These factors can be directly and indirectly be measured by organizations, can be externally and internally communicated in organizations and they are capable of influencing change management in organizations in quick and efficient ways (Sirkin, Keenan, & Jackson, 2005). Role of Vision Vision is important in change management process as it focuses the change management process and effort towards one goal. Creation and developing change management vision is also significant as it identifies strategies and ways for the achievement of the desired organization changes . In most cases, the vision usually shows clearly how the achievement of the outlined changes will improve or benefit the organization. Vision can inspire, motivate, and engage people in organization towards the realization of change management goals (Dobbs & Walker, 2010). Vision is also significant to sustainability of organization changes since it directs people in organizations towards a shared vision by creating meaning and identity (Sirkin, Keenan, & Jackson, 2005). Effective Communication Communication enables messages to be generated, interpreted between people within the organization thus it links people, and create relationships. In processual approach, effective communication is crucial and should be an integral part of the whole process. Effective communication is required during change management process since it is the mode at which new behaviours and ideas can be imparted to employees (Sirkin, Keenan, & Jackson, 2005). During change management process in organizations , top management often communicate the vision with a view to influence and empower employees to work towards the achievement of the new vision through open communication strategy. Business leaders and top managers in organization usually use effective and continuous communication strategies to drive home the need for change in their organizations (Cushman & King, 2005). One-on-one conversations between to managers and other employees concerning the need for organizational change is an

Literature Review-Part 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Literature Review-Part 2 - Assignment Example Different risk factors are observed some of them include: Potential health hazards, work that is not based on consent or lack of an authoritative command, autocratic leadership, lack of incentives, lack of compensations, lack of acknowledgement and more importantly a patient community devoid of ethical norms and morale values. (Aslop, Ryan. 1996) For females these issues are tantamount and pulverize their comfort as well as trust level within the field. This might sometime dangerously lead them to quit or change their field altogether. Medical research has opened many doors for relieving a vast majority of human sickness. All of this is credited to the selfless efforts of field workers. Individual differences are an important aspect in every field of work. It can affect team building, work performance, over-all environment and other emotional or personal values. A large number of different people working under the same roof mean a large number of different opinions, different approaches and different ideologies mingling together. This reaction can either be destructive or constructive. But care should be taken for the environment to not get bipolar to an alarming extent. Many people are goal oriented but less social others are more social but less involved. These people might consider others to be their anti co-workers or a negative competition. The overall environment in this way may become full of tension, electric and destructive. (Davies, 2011) So care should be taken in order to provide incentives, promotional schemes and reasonable morale uplift to the field- workers. An ethical board should monitor and take into control every unfavourable circumstance. In case of a complaint proper complaint channels should effectively tackle the issue at hand and provide a solid guarantee to the workers. Male and female ethical issues in a common workplace also pose a threat to the overall peaceful working